The Rational Bases of the Issue of Necessary Existence in Islamic Philosophers

Abstract

This study examines the theoretical underpinnings of Islamic philosophers' discussions on Necessary Existence's existence, oneness, perfective attributes and courtly actions. Instead of exploring into the precise arguments raised by these thinkers, the research focuses on examining the rational bases on which these arguments lie. The analysis of absolute being serves as the foundation for comprehending Necessary Existence conundrum and is the inevitably first stage in the research. The research then examines the idea of absolute essence, which follows logically from the investigation of absolute being. The study then explores the logic's principles and demonstrates how they depend on an assessment of absolute being and absolute essence. Building on the preceding debates, the fourth phase entails dividing existence into the necessary and the possible. The research then examines Islamic thinkers' notion of causation, making connections to the preceding phases of the study along the way. The research employs the analytical technique throughout, focusing on analyzing the texts of Islamic philosophers including Ibn Sina, Mulla Sadra, Al-Tabtabaei, and others. Through these analyses, the study concludes that a comprehensive understanding of the issue of Necessary Existence and its evidences necessitates an examination of its rational bases, which are outlined in the five necessary steps in the aforementioned order as expounded by Islamic philosophers.

Keywords: Islamic philosophers, Necessary Existence, Absolute Being, Theory of Causality