إصلاحات محمد علي الاقتصادية في مصر 1805- 1848م

Abstract

       Muhammad Ali is the founder of modern Egypt, where he ruled from 1805-1848, and broke the Ottoman rule that did not leave a ruler of Egypt in office for more than two years. During the period of his rule, Muhammad Ali was able to promote Egypt agriculturally, industrially and commercially. He believed that political independence could not be achieved without  developing the country's wealth and strengthening its financial position. He built an economic base for Egypt. He took care of agriculture paying  attention to irrigation so,  built many canals, bridges and arches. He extended Egypt's foreign trade, repaired its ports and increased the country's exports.  He used the financial surplus of taxes to support reforms, hence a remarkable economic prosperity in Egypt was achieved in his reign.