Criminal Protection of Archeology and Cultural Heritage Between National Legislation and International Conventions

Abstract

This study dealt with one of the most significant global issues, which is Criminal Law Protection of Cultural Heritage and antiquities, and how the criminal law protects them at the national legislative level and at the international level.

Indeed, the study explained in depth both concepts of the “cultural heritage” and the “antiquities”. also, it showed the public and private rights of the cultural heritage and antiquities, and how both of the Iraqi and Jordanian legislations are dealing with them. Then, the study indicated to the substantive of the legal legislations in both countries of the Jordan and Iraq that relating to the crimes against cultural heritage and antiquities objects, such as, theft, smuggling, illegal trade ...etc. As well as exposure to the most important international agreements that dealing with the protection of cultural property during peaceful time and wartime? What measures have been taken to bring back those stolen properties and some difficulties encountered in this regard?